Question 6c

Movement of Ions Through Channel Proteins:

This allows ions to bypass the hydrophobic core of the membrane, enabling efficient movement in and out of the cell as needed for cellular functions.

Selective Passage

Channel proteins provide a pathway for specific ions to pass through the cell membrane.

Each channel protein is selective, allowing only certain ions (e.g., sodium, potassium) to move through, based on size, charge, and shape.

Facilitated Diffusion

Ions move through channel proteins by facilitated diffusion, a passive transport process.

This means ions move down their concentration gradient (from high to low concentration) without the need for energy (ATP).

Hydrophilic Interior

The channel protein has a hydrophilic interior, creating a suitable environment for charged ions to pass through, as the phospholipid bilayer itself is hydrophobic and would otherwise block ion movement.