Question 6a

Definition of a Biosensor:

• A biosensor is a device that detects and measures biological molecules or analytes by converting a biological response into an electrical signal.

Key Points to Remember:

• Bioreceptor – The component of the biosensor that recognizes the specific biological molecule (e.g., enzymes, antibodies, nucleic acids).
  Transducer – Converts the biological interaction into a measurable signal (usually electrical).
• Signal Processor – Interprets and displays the data, often showing concentration or presence of the target molecule.
  Examples and Applications:
  • Medical diagnostics – Glucose sensors for diabetic patients.
    Environmental monitoring – Detection of pollutants or pathogens.
    Food and agriculture – Ensuring food safety by detecting harmful substances.